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Diphtheria remains a serious disease throughout much of the world. Large outbreaks of diphtheria have occurred in the past due to unimmunised or inadequately immunized people groups of people. Some cases can be mild while more severe cases can lead to death.

After entering the body, the bacterium spores germinate and produce toxins which affect the nervous system. Tetanus is sometimes referred to as "lockjaw" due to the spasms of the nerves.

This air-borne disease is a major public health concern in many countries and vaccination is recommended for healthcare workers and other long term travellers going to live or work in areas of risk

This disease is a virus infection of the liver. There are steps travellers can take to avoid catching Hepatitis B

It is a virus infection of the liver and common in areas where sanitation and water is inadequate. There are steps travellers can take to prevent the spread of Hepatitis A

Closely associated with poor hygiene and sanitary conditions, this disease is prevalent in developing countries. There are steps travellers can take to prevent the spread of Typhoid.

The disease is a self-limiting one, lasting from two to six days and considered to be caused when the normal environment of the bowel is upset with exposure to new foods, diet and organisms. It is particularly common in developing countries where sanitation is poor.

Schistosomiasis worms are found in fresh water such as rivers and lakes which have been contaminated with human faeces or urine. It is a disease primarily found in Sub-saharan Africa, however, is also in other developing countries. It is both a treatable and preventable disease.

Rabies is a viral disease spread by contact with warm blooded animals. This is a very serious and frightening disease, often not taken seriously by travellers going to at risk areas. Once symptoms have developed in humans, it's generally fatal.